The first reports of the presence of toxic algae were released at the end of March through NOAA’s official website. But instead of improving, the situation seems to have worsened over the days, with several reports of animals, from sea lions to pelicans, falling victim to this phenomenon. This is what we know so far.
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What is a harmful algal bloom?
According to NOAA, harmful algal blooms (HABs) occur when colonies of algae, simple plants found in both sea and freshwater, grow uncontrollably, leading to toxic or harmful effects on humans, fish, shellfish, marine mammals, and birds. Right now, the SoCal coast is experiencing a HAB dominated by a microscopic plankton called Pseudo-nitzschia, which produces a dangerous neurotoxin known as domoic acid.
How does toxic algae affects wildlife?
Toxic algal blooms affect animals in various ways, including marine animals, birds, and land creatures in various ways. In this particular case, the neurotoxin from the algae builds up in fish and shellfish, thus contaminating the food chain. According to official reports, more than 330 sea lions and over 100 dolphins have been stranded, many sick or dying. It’s the worst marine animal stranding event in years, and scientists are concerned it could get even worse.
Can toxic algae be harmful to humans?
According to the U.S. National Office for Harmful Algal Blooms, although rare in humans, eating seafood contaminated with domoic acid can lead to a potentially fatal condition known as amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP).
This syndrome can cause short-term memory loss along with various other symptoms, including gastrointestinal issues, headaches, confusion, weakness, seizures, and neurological problems. ASP can be deadly, and there have been reported fatalities.
What is causing the toxic algal bloom in SoCal?
Scientists believe the toxic algae bloom may have been triggered by seasonal ocean changes, like upwelling, which brings nutrient-rich water to the surface. This process fuels both the marine ecosystem and the rapid growth of algae, along with toxin production.
The bloom appeared earlier than usual this year, with the most severe impact between Los Angeles and Santa Barbara counties. It’s the fourth consecutive year an algae bloom has affected SoCal marine life, according to NOAA.
What should you do if you encounter injured, sick, stranded, or dead wildlife
Don’t touch or try to rescue any animal that seems to be affected by HABs. The best thing you can do is report sick, injured, stranded, or dead animals so that the right professionals and scientists can step in and handle the situation. There are plenty of organizations ready to respond. If you come across a sick, injured, stranded, or dead marine mammal or sea turtle, just give the West Coast Region Stranding Hotline a call at (866) 767-6114.
How to protect yourself and your pet from toxic algae
When toxic algae are present, it’s important to stay informed and avoid contact with water, animals, and potentially contaminated areas. You can check the California HABMAP website for updates.
During a red tide, it’s advised to stay out of the water and avoid swimming, both for people and pets. If you accidentally come into contact with it, monitor your health and be alert for any signs of illness in yourself or your pet.